The study of the Phylogenetic tree is useful to get the answers to different problems in biological evolution, like the relationship between the origin and survival of the species, patterns of migration of species, the spread of viral infections, etc. Some advanced molecular and biological techniques help biologists for the evaluation of phylogenetic relationships between organisms concerning the change in the evolution of the organisms.
A diagram that shows the relationship between organisms as per their genetic background, characteristics, and evolutionary relationships is called a phylogenetic tree. In comparison to a cladogram, the phylogenetic tree imparts some more value when we discuss the relationships of organisms in a better way concerning their evolution and ancestors.
Biologists analyze various characteristics of organisms with the use of various analytical tools like distance, parsimony, bayesian methods, likelihood, etc. They have the consideration of many organisms’ characteristics, like the inclusion of anatomical, morphological, biochemical, behavioral, fossil, and molecular characteristics for the construction of phylogenetic trees.
In order, the generation of a phylogenetic tree, various characteristics like internal anatomy, external morphology, DNA and protein sequence behavior, biochemical pathways as well as evidence of fossils need to be used. Whereas phylogenetic trees are a type of hypothesis which do not indicate accurate relationships. The data that is obtained from the sequencing of DNA enhances the reliability of the relationships inside the tree.